Cannabis and Its Effects on You as the Dental Patient

The use of cannabis has become increasingly common, with many individuals using it for recreational and medicinal purposes. While it is generally considered safe by many, cannabis can have significant effects on oral health. Dr. Brian Gurinsky, DDS, MS, a renowned periodontist in Denver and Centennial, explores how cannabis use impacts dental patients and what precautions should be taken.

How Cannabis Affects Your Oral Health

Increased Heart Rate and Blood Pressure

Contrary to the relaxing effects often associated with cannabis, it can actually increase heart rate and blood pressure. This is particularly concerning during dental procedures that may already elevate stress levels. An elevated heart rate and blood pressure can complicate dental procedures, particularly those involving local anesthesia, which often contains epinephrine, a vasoconstrictor that can further increase heart rate and blood pressure.

Higher Anesthesia Requirements

Regular cannabis users often require higher doses of anesthesia during dental treatments. This is due to the body's tolerance to the effects of cannabis, which can complicate pain management and increase the risk of side effects. Anesthetics such as lidocaine are less effective in patients who use cannabis regularly, requiring adjustments in dosage to achieve the desired anesthetic effect. This increased need for anesthesia can pose risks, especially for patients with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions.

Impaired Immune Function

Cannabis use can impair immune function, making the body more susceptible to infections. This includes secondary bacterial infections, candidiasis (thrush), and even HPV infections, which can lead to serious oral health issues. The immunosuppressive effects of cannabis mean that users may experience delayed healing and a higher risk of complications following dental procedures such as extractions or implants.

Impaired Wound Healing

The immune system's impairment also affects the body's ability to heal wounds. This is especially problematic after dental surgeries or extractions, where efficient healing is crucial for recovery. Slow healing can increase the risk of infection and prolong discomfort for the patient. Proper post-operative care and regular follow-ups are essential for cannabis users to ensure optimal healing.

Increased Risk of Oral Cancer

Regular cannabis use has been linked to an increased risk of oral cancers, including head and neck cancer. This is likely due to the carcinogenic substances present in cannabis smoke, which can damage the cells in the mouth and throat. Studies have shown that the combustion of cannabis releases harmful compounds similar to those found in tobacco smoke, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamines, both known carcinogens.

Dr. Brian Gurinsky’s Observations

Dr. Gurinsky has observed many patients who "pre-medicate" with cannabis before their dental appointments. While this might help some patients feel more relaxed, the physiological effects of cannabis can complicate dental procedures and affect overall oral health. It’s crucial to inform your dentist about your cannabis use so they can adjust their treatment approach accordingly.

During his years of practice, Dr. Gurinsky has noticed trends in oral health issues related to cannabis use. Patients often present with dry mouth (xerostomia), which is a common side effect of cannabis. Dry mouth can lead to an increased risk of cavities, gum disease, and discomfort. Cannabis users may also experience a higher incidence of periodontal disease due to the immunosuppressive and vasoconstrictive properties of cannabis.

Recommendations for Cannabis Users

Maintain Excellent Oral Hygiene

Regular brushing and flossing are essential for cannabis users to reduce the risk of gum disease and other oral health issues. Consider using a mouthwash that targets bacteria to keep your mouth clean. Cannabis users should be diligent with their oral hygiene routines, brushing at least twice a day and flossing daily. Using a toothpaste that contains fluoride can help strengthen enamel and reduce the risk of decay.

Regular Dental Check-Ups

Frequent visits to your dentist are crucial to monitor the impact of cannabis on your oral health. Dr. Gurinsky offers comprehensive periodontal services that can help manage and mitigate the effects of cannabis use. Regular dental cleanings and check-ups allow your dentist to identify early signs of oral health issues and provide appropriate interventions.

Be Honest with Your Dentist

Always inform your dentist about your cannabis use. This transparency helps your dental team to better manage your care and anesthesia needs during treatments. Being open about your cannabis use ensures that your dentist can take necessary precautions to minimize risks and complications during dental procedures.

Consider Alternative Methods

If possible, explore alternative methods of consuming cannabis that do not involve smoking. Edibles or oils might reduce some of the risks associated with inhaling carcinogens. Vaporizers, which heat cannabis to a point where active ingredients are released without combustion, are another option. However, it is essential to understand that even these methods are not entirely risk-free and can still affect oral health.

Stay Hydrated

Dry mouth is a common side effect of cannabis use. To combat this, drink plenty of water throughout the day. Staying hydrated can help alleviate dry mouth symptoms and reduce the risk of cavities and gum disease. Chewing sugar-free gum can also stimulate saliva production and help keep your mouth moist.

Use Sugar-Free Products

When choosing oral hygiene products like mouthwash or gum, opt for sugar-free options. Sugar can exacerbate the risk of cavities, particularly in individuals with dry mouth. Look for products that contain xylitol, a natural sugar substitute that has been shown to reduce the risk of tooth decay.

Additional Resources

For more information on maintaining oral health and preventing gum disease, visit our blog on gum disease prevention. If you're experiencing any dental issues or need advice, don't hesitate to schedule a consultation with Dr. Gurinsky at our Centennial or Denver locations.

For those interested in the effects of other habits on oral health, check out our detailed guides on smoking and oral health and vaping and oral health.

Contact Information

For personalized advice and treatment, schedule an appointment with Dr. Brian Gurinsky at our Centennial or Denver locations. Call us at (303) 296-8527 or visit our website for more information.